Table of Contents
.NET
== collective term for several software platforms published by Microsoft (2000)
– for development and execution of application programs
Main components:
.NET Framework
.NET Core
Mono from Xamarin
.NET Framework
– is a run-time execution environment that manages apps that target
Tools
– Command line compiler (for Visual Basic.NET, C#, Jscript.NET)
– Software Development Kit (SDK) with tools, documentation and examples
Common Language Runtime (CLR)
– Runtime environment for the execution of a .NET application
– provides the just-in-time compiler
– provides numerous other basic services (garbage collector, exception handling, a security system and interoperability with non.NET applications)
– When a .NET application is started, Windows does not call the CLR itself directly, but first calls a so-called Runtime Host. This host loads the CLR and passes the entry point for the application to the CLR.
Runtime Hosts:
– Shell Runtime Host
– Internet Explorer Runtime Host
– ASP.NET
Language Integration
– enables the cooperation of different languages
→ Calling a program code written in another programming language
→ object-oriented languages can inherit classes written in another object-oriented language
Uniform class library
– NET Framework Class Library (FCL)
– extensive class library that can be used from all .NET languages
– implemented as a set of DLLs (Managed Code)
Component concept
– not only object-oriented, but also component-oriented
– At the center of the component concept are the so-called Assemblies (EXE, DLL)
== a composite of one or more MSIL files, where at least one of the files is a DLL or EXE/ non-MSIL files, so called resource files (database, graphic or sound files)
DLL assembly:
– a reusable software component that can be used by another assembly
EXE assembly:
– can be started as an independent application
– but can provide services for others
.NET Core
== universal open source development platform
– replaces the old .NET Framework (mixture of new implementation and redesign/refactoring of .NET Framework 4.x)
– faster than .NET Framework
– modularly constructed
– allows you to create .NET Core Apps, cross-platform, for Windows, macOS and Linux for x64, x86, ARM32 and ARM64 processors
→ different programming languages are supported (C#, F#, or Visual Basic)
→ Frameworks and APIs for the cloud, for IoT, for client user interfaces and for machine learning
– Modern language constructs like generics, Language Integrated Query (LINQ), and asynchronous programming
Language Integrated Query (LINQ)
Query
== an expression that retrieves data from a data source
– are usually written in a specialized query language
– a new query language for each type of data source or data format they need to support
→ LINQ provides a consistent model for working with data in different types of data sources and formats
– Queries are always object based
LINQ query operations consist of three actions:
– Retrieving the data source
– Creating the query
– Executing the query
Mono
== alternative, open source implementation of Microsoft’s .NET Framework
→ Development of a platform independent software based on the standards of the Common Language Infrastructure, ECMA, and the programming language C# shall be enabled
Additional functions for .Net
– Interfaces for operating system related functions under Unix
– Comprehensive Technology Coverage
– Binary Compatible
– Multi-Language(VB 8, Java, Python, Ruby, Eiffel, F#, Oxygene …)
– Changes can be made to already compiled code
– easy generation of native code
Components
– C# Compiler
– Mono Runtime
– .NET Framework Class Library
– Mono Class Library
.NET 5.0
→ In autumn 2020 all three platforms (.NET Core, .NET Framework, Mono) will be merged
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